eAG/A1C Calculator
Use this A1C calculator to convert between A1C and estimated average glucose (eAG) in either direction.
Updated August 10, 2026
Caveat: eAG conversions may be less reliable for people with anemia, hemoglobin variants (such as sickle cell trait), chronic kidney disease, or during pregnancy. Use this as a lab-value translator and review results with your care team.
Medical Disclaimer: This calculator provides a general estimate based on established research and is for educational purposes only, not a substitute for medical advice. Individual results can vary based on health conditions, so consult a qualified healthcare professional or registered dietitian before making significant changes to your diet, exercise, or health routine. Read our full Medical Disclaimer.
How eAG and A1C Are Calculated
A1C reflects your average blood glucose over roughly the past three months, but it’s reported as a percentage, not in the units your glucose meter uses. eAG (estimated average glucose) translates that percentage into mg/dL or mmol/L, so a lab result and day-to-day readings can be compared directly, in either direction.
What This Calculator Measures
eAG is not a separate lab value. It’s a conversion of A1C into glucose units using a formula derived from real-world monitoring data, making the same 3-month average easier to read alongside daily glucose numbers, and just as easily converted back the other way.
The Formula
This calculator uses the ADAG (A1C-Derived Average Glucose) equation, which paired frequent glucose monitoring with A1C tests across roughly 500 participants and found a strong, consistent linear relationship between the two¹.
eAG (mg/dL) = 28.7 × A1C − 46.7
A1C (%) = (eAG in mg/dL + 46.7) ÷ 28.7
How This Calculator Computes Your Result
Choose a direction, A1C to eAG or eAG to A1C, enter your value, and pick mg/dL or mmol/L if you’re working with eAG. For mmol/L, we convert to mg/dL internally (dividing by 18.0182), run the formula, then convert back and round to 1 decimal place for display. mg/dL results are rounded to the nearest whole number.
What Your Result Means
A1C | Category |
Below 5.7% | Normal |
5.7% to 6.4% | Prediabetes |
6.5% and above | Diabetes |
These thresholds come from the American Diabetes Association’s Standards of Care². If your entered or computed A1C falls below about 4% or above about 15% (or eAG below 65 or above 380 mg/dL), the result sits outside the range the ADAG formula was validated on, and the calculator will flag it rather than show a falsely precise number.
A1C to eAG Reference Chart
For a quick look without entering a number, here’s how common A1C values translate to eAG at both units.
A1C | eAG (mg/dL) | eAG (mmol/L) |
5.0% | 97 | 5.4 |
5.7% | 117 | 6.5 |
6.0% | 126 | 7.0 |
6.5% | 140 | 7.8 |
7.0% | 154 | 8.6 |
7.5% | 169 | 9.4 |
8.0% | 183 | 10.2 |
9.0% | 212 | 11.7 |
10.0% | 240 | 13.3 |
11.0% | 269 | 14.9 |
12.0% | 298 | 16.5 |
Values are calculated directly from the formula above and rounded for display. Use the calculator itself for any A1C not shown here.
Why the Numbers May Not Match Your Monitor
A1C is a weighted average that leans more heavily on your most recent few weeks. It can also run higher or lower than your true average glucose if you have anemia, a hemoglobin variant such as sickle cell trait, chronic kidney disease, or are pregnant, conditions the current Standards of Care specifically flag as limiting A1C’s accuracy independent of glucose levels².
Even without any of these conditions, research has found that normal person-to-person variation in how long red blood cells live is, on its own, enough to shift A1C somewhat above or below what a person’s actual average glucose would predict³. This tool is a lab-value translator, not a diagnostic tool, and A1C category thresholds should be confirmed with a healthcare provider.
A Note on Accuracy
eAG is a translation of your A1C using a population-average formula, not a direct measurement. It may not accurately reflect true glucose control if you have anemia, a hemoglobin variant such as sickle cell trait, chronic kidney disease, or are pregnant, since these conditions can skew A1C independent of glucose levels. Even without any of these conditions, normal variation in red blood cell lifespan between individuals can account for some of the gap between your A1C and your monitor's average.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is eAG and how is it different from A1C?
eAG (estimated average glucose) expresses your A1C result in the same units as a glucose meter (mg/dL or mmol/L), making it easier to relate a lab test to day-to-day readings. Both describe the same underlying ~3-month average, just in different units.
How accurate is the A1C to eAG conversion?
The formula comes from the ADAG study, which found a strong linear relationship between A1C and average glucose across roughly 500 participants¹. It's a solid population-level estimate, but individual results can vary, especially outside the studied A1C range of about 4% to 15%.
Why might my eAG not match my glucose meter average?
A1C reflects glucose exposure over about three months, weighted toward more recent weeks, while a meter average may cover a shorter or different period. Conditions like anemia, hemoglobin variants, kidney disease, and pregnancy can also cause A1C to run higher or lower than actual average glucose². Even without any of these, normal variation in red blood cell lifespan between individuals can account for part of the gap³.
Should I use A1C or eAG to track my diabetes management?
Most clinicians rely on A1C for diagnosis and monitoring since it's the standardized lab value, while eAG can help translate that number into terms more familiar from daily glucose monitoring. Discuss which value matters most for your care with your provider.
Sources
Translating the A1C Assay Into Estimated Average Glucose Values, Nathan et al., 2008
Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes, 2026, American Diabetes Association
Red Cell Life Span Heterogeneity in Hematologically Normal People Is Sufficient to Alter HbA1c, Cohen et al., 2008
eAG/A1C Calculator
Use this A1C calculator to convert between A1C and estimated average glucose (eAG) in either direction.
Updated August 10, 2026
Caveat: eAG conversions may be less reliable for people with anemia, hemoglobin variants (such as sickle cell trait), chronic kidney disease, or during pregnancy. Use this as a lab-value translator and review results with your care team.
Medical Disclaimer: This calculator provides a general estimate based on established research and is for educational purposes only, not a substitute for medical advice. Individual results can vary based on health conditions, so consult a qualified healthcare professional or registered dietitian before making significant changes to your diet, exercise, or health routine. Read our full Medical Disclaimer.
How eAG and A1C Are Calculated
A1C reflects your average blood glucose over roughly the past three months, but it’s reported as a percentage, not in the units your glucose meter uses. eAG (estimated average glucose) translates that percentage into mg/dL or mmol/L, so a lab result and day-to-day readings can be compared directly, in either direction.
What This Calculator Measures
eAG is not a separate lab value. It’s a conversion of A1C into glucose units using a formula derived from real-world monitoring data, making the same 3-month average easier to read alongside daily glucose numbers, and just as easily converted back the other way.
The Formula
This calculator uses the ADAG (A1C-Derived Average Glucose) equation, which paired frequent glucose monitoring with A1C tests across roughly 500 participants and found a strong, consistent linear relationship between the two¹.
eAG (mg/dL) = 28.7 × A1C − 46.7
A1C (%) = (eAG in mg/dL + 46.7) ÷ 28.7
How This Calculator Computes Your Result
Choose a direction, A1C to eAG or eAG to A1C, enter your value, and pick mg/dL or mmol/L if you’re working with eAG. For mmol/L, we convert to mg/dL internally (dividing by 18.0182), run the formula, then convert back and round to 1 decimal place for display. mg/dL results are rounded to the nearest whole number.
What Your Result Means
A1C | Category |
Below 5.7% | Normal |
5.7% to 6.4% | Prediabetes |
6.5% and above | Diabetes |
These thresholds come from the American Diabetes Association’s Standards of Care². If your entered or computed A1C falls below about 4% or above about 15% (or eAG below 65 or above 380 mg/dL), the result sits outside the range the ADAG formula was validated on, and the calculator will flag it rather than show a falsely precise number.
A1C to eAG Reference Chart
For a quick look without entering a number, here’s how common A1C values translate to eAG at both units.
A1C | eAG (mg/dL) | eAG (mmol/L) |
5.0% | 97 | 5.4 |
5.7% | 117 | 6.5 |
6.0% | 126 | 7.0 |
6.5% | 140 | 7.8 |
7.0% | 154 | 8.6 |
7.5% | 169 | 9.4 |
8.0% | 183 | 10.2 |
9.0% | 212 | 11.7 |
10.0% | 240 | 13.3 |
11.0% | 269 | 14.9 |
12.0% | 298 | 16.5 |
Values are calculated directly from the formula above and rounded for display. Use the calculator itself for any A1C not shown here.
Why the Numbers May Not Match Your Monitor
A1C is a weighted average that leans more heavily on your most recent few weeks. It can also run higher or lower than your true average glucose if you have anemia, a hemoglobin variant such as sickle cell trait, chronic kidney disease, or are pregnant, conditions the current Standards of Care specifically flag as limiting A1C’s accuracy independent of glucose levels².
Even without any of these conditions, research has found that normal person-to-person variation in how long red blood cells live is, on its own, enough to shift A1C somewhat above or below what a person’s actual average glucose would predict³. This tool is a lab-value translator, not a diagnostic tool, and A1C category thresholds should be confirmed with a healthcare provider.
A Note on Accuracy
eAG is a translation of your A1C using a population-average formula, not a direct measurement. It may not accurately reflect true glucose control if you have anemia, a hemoglobin variant such as sickle cell trait, chronic kidney disease, or are pregnant, since these conditions can skew A1C independent of glucose levels. Even without any of these conditions, normal variation in red blood cell lifespan between individuals can account for some of the gap between your A1C and your monitor's average.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is eAG and how is it different from A1C?
eAG (estimated average glucose) expresses your A1C result in the same units as a glucose meter (mg/dL or mmol/L), making it easier to relate a lab test to day-to-day readings. Both describe the same underlying ~3-month average, just in different units.
How accurate is the A1C to eAG conversion?
The formula comes from the ADAG study, which found a strong linear relationship between A1C and average glucose across roughly 500 participants¹. It's a solid population-level estimate, but individual results can vary, especially outside the studied A1C range of about 4% to 15%.
Why might my eAG not match my glucose meter average?
A1C reflects glucose exposure over about three months, weighted toward more recent weeks, while a meter average may cover a shorter or different period. Conditions like anemia, hemoglobin variants, kidney disease, and pregnancy can also cause A1C to run higher or lower than actual average glucose². Even without any of these, normal variation in red blood cell lifespan between individuals can account for part of the gap³.
Should I use A1C or eAG to track my diabetes management?
Most clinicians rely on A1C for diagnosis and monitoring since it's the standardized lab value, while eAG can help translate that number into terms more familiar from daily glucose monitoring. Discuss which value matters most for your care with your provider.
Sources
Translating the A1C Assay Into Estimated Average Glucose Values, Nathan et al., 2008
Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes, 2026, American Diabetes Association
Red Cell Life Span Heterogeneity in Hematologically Normal People Is Sufficient to Alter HbA1c, Cohen et al., 2008
eAG/A1C Calculator
Use this A1C calculator to convert between A1C and estimated average glucose (eAG) in either direction.
Updated August 10, 2026
Caveat: eAG conversions may be less reliable for people with anemia, hemoglobin variants (such as sickle cell trait), chronic kidney disease, or during pregnancy. Use this as a lab-value translator and review results with your care team.
Medical Disclaimer: This calculator provides a general estimate based on established research and is for educational purposes only, not a substitute for medical advice. Individual results can vary based on health conditions, so consult a qualified healthcare professional or registered dietitian before making significant changes to your diet, exercise, or health routine. Read our full Medical Disclaimer.
How eAG and A1C Are Calculated
A1C reflects your average blood glucose over roughly the past three months, but it’s reported as a percentage, not in the units your glucose meter uses. eAG (estimated average glucose) translates that percentage into mg/dL or mmol/L, so a lab result and day-to-day readings can be compared directly, in either direction.
What This Calculator Measures
eAG is not a separate lab value. It’s a conversion of A1C into glucose units using a formula derived from real-world monitoring data, making the same 3-month average easier to read alongside daily glucose numbers, and just as easily converted back the other way.
The Formula
This calculator uses the ADAG (A1C-Derived Average Glucose) equation, which paired frequent glucose monitoring with A1C tests across roughly 500 participants and found a strong, consistent linear relationship between the two¹.
eAG (mg/dL) = 28.7 × A1C − 46.7
A1C (%) = (eAG in mg/dL + 46.7) ÷ 28.7
How This Calculator Computes Your Result
Choose a direction, A1C to eAG or eAG to A1C, enter your value, and pick mg/dL or mmol/L if you’re working with eAG. For mmol/L, we convert to mg/dL internally (dividing by 18.0182), run the formula, then convert back and round to 1 decimal place for display. mg/dL results are rounded to the nearest whole number.
What Your Result Means
A1C | Category |
Below 5.7% | Normal |
5.7% to 6.4% | Prediabetes |
6.5% and above | Diabetes |
These thresholds come from the American Diabetes Association’s Standards of Care². If your entered or computed A1C falls below about 4% or above about 15% (or eAG below 65 or above 380 mg/dL), the result sits outside the range the ADAG formula was validated on, and the calculator will flag it rather than show a falsely precise number.
A1C to eAG Reference Chart
For a quick look without entering a number, here’s how common A1C values translate to eAG at both units.
A1C | eAG (mg/dL) | eAG (mmol/L) |
5.0% | 97 | 5.4 |
5.7% | 117 | 6.5 |
6.0% | 126 | 7.0 |
6.5% | 140 | 7.8 |
7.0% | 154 | 8.6 |
7.5% | 169 | 9.4 |
8.0% | 183 | 10.2 |
9.0% | 212 | 11.7 |
10.0% | 240 | 13.3 |
11.0% | 269 | 14.9 |
12.0% | 298 | 16.5 |
Values are calculated directly from the formula above and rounded for display. Use the calculator itself for any A1C not shown here.
Why the Numbers May Not Match Your Monitor
A1C is a weighted average that leans more heavily on your most recent few weeks. It can also run higher or lower than your true average glucose if you have anemia, a hemoglobin variant such as sickle cell trait, chronic kidney disease, or are pregnant, conditions the current Standards of Care specifically flag as limiting A1C’s accuracy independent of glucose levels².
Even without any of these conditions, research has found that normal person-to-person variation in how long red blood cells live is, on its own, enough to shift A1C somewhat above or below what a person’s actual average glucose would predict³. This tool is a lab-value translator, not a diagnostic tool, and A1C category thresholds should be confirmed with a healthcare provider.
A Note on Accuracy
eAG is a translation of your A1C using a population-average formula, not a direct measurement. It may not accurately reflect true glucose control if you have anemia, a hemoglobin variant such as sickle cell trait, chronic kidney disease, or are pregnant, since these conditions can skew A1C independent of glucose levels. Even without any of these conditions, normal variation in red blood cell lifespan between individuals can account for some of the gap between your A1C and your monitor's average.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is eAG and how is it different from A1C?
eAG (estimated average glucose) expresses your A1C result in the same units as a glucose meter (mg/dL or mmol/L), making it easier to relate a lab test to day-to-day readings. Both describe the same underlying ~3-month average, just in different units.
How accurate is the A1C to eAG conversion?
The formula comes from the ADAG study, which found a strong linear relationship between A1C and average glucose across roughly 500 participants¹. It's a solid population-level estimate, but individual results can vary, especially outside the studied A1C range of about 4% to 15%.
Why might my eAG not match my glucose meter average?
A1C reflects glucose exposure over about three months, weighted toward more recent weeks, while a meter average may cover a shorter or different period. Conditions like anemia, hemoglobin variants, kidney disease, and pregnancy can also cause A1C to run higher or lower than actual average glucose². Even without any of these, normal variation in red blood cell lifespan between individuals can account for part of the gap³.
Should I use A1C or eAG to track my diabetes management?
Most clinicians rely on A1C for diagnosis and monitoring since it's the standardized lab value, while eAG can help translate that number into terms more familiar from daily glucose monitoring. Discuss which value matters most for your care with your provider.
Sources
Translating the A1C Assay Into Estimated Average Glucose Values, Nathan et al., 2008
Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes, 2026, American Diabetes Association
Red Cell Life Span Heterogeneity in Hematologically Normal People Is Sufficient to Alter HbA1c, Cohen et al., 2008